Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi (Black Neon Tetra)

27 May 2026

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Originating from the Paraguay basin in South America, the Black Neon Tetra is a peaceful, schooling fish beloved by aquarists. Known for its striking black and iridescent greenish-white lateral stripes, this hardy species adds vibrant contrast and active, dynamic movement to any well-planted community aquarium.

Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi (Black Neon Tetra)

Overview

The Black Neon Tetra is a stunning and hardy freshwater fish that brings a unique aesthetic to community tanks. The XL designation refers to fully grown, robust adult specimens.

Distribution and Habitat

Native to the Paraguay basin in southern Brazil, they inhabit small tributaries, creeks, and flooded forest areas characterized by acidic, tannin-stained waters.

Description of Black Neon Tetra

Image of black neon xl hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi

This species is easily recognizable by its distinct coloration and energetic swimming patterns.

Body shape:

Torpedo-shaped and laterally compressed, typical of many small characins.

Color:

Features a prominent black horizontal stripe running from the gills to the tail, bordered above by a striking iridescent greenish-white or silver line. The belly is pale silver.

Barbels:

None.

Snout:

Short and slightly rounded with a terminal mouth designed for grabbing mid-water morsels.

Eyes:

Large relative to body size, featuring a distinct, bright orange or red upper iris.

Fins:

Mostly transparent or clear, sometimes with a faint yellowish tint. The dorsal fin is tall, and a small adipose fin is present.

The Tail:

Forked and clear, aiding in rapid, darting movements.

Temper

Very docile, peaceful, and easygoing.

Sociality

Highly social schooling fish. They must be kept in groups of at least 6 to 10 individuals to feel secure and display their best colors.

Activity

Very active mid-level swimmers. They spend most of their day darting around the middle and upper water column.

Keeping and Caring for Black Neon Tetra

They are incredibly hardy, making them an excellent choice for beginners and experts alike.

Tank size:

A minimum of 60 liters (15 gallons) is recommended for a standard school.

Water Parameters:

They thrive in conditions that mimic their native Amazonian environment.

Temperature

23-27°C (73-81°F).

pH

5.5-7.5, preferring slightly acidic water.

Hardness

Soft to moderately hard water, ideally between 2-10 dGH.

Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate

Ammonia and Nitrite must strictly be 0 ppm. Nitrates should be kept below 20 ppm through regular water changes.

Lighting

Dim to moderate lighting is preferred to bring out their iridescent colors and reduce stress.

Water flow

Gentle to moderate flow is ideal, simulating the slow-moving creeks of their natural habitat.

Decorations and Plants

Heavily planted tanks with dark substrates, driftwood, and floating plants are perfect. Leaf litter can be added to create a blackwater environment.

Diet

Omnivorous and unfussy. They will readily accept high-quality flakes, micro-pellets, and frozen or live foods like daphnia, brine shrimp, and bloodworms.

Some Feeding Tips

Feed small amounts 1-2 times daily, only what they can consume in a couple of minutes. Ensure food pieces are small enough to fit in their mouths.

Breeding

Egg scatterers. To breed, set up a separate dimly lit breeding tank with soft, acidic water and fine-leaved plants or a spawning mop. Condition the parents with live foods. Remove the parents immediately after spawning to prevent them from eating the eggs.

Conclusion

The Black Neon Tetra is a fantastic, low-maintenance addition to any freshwater community aquarium. Their peaceful nature, combined with their striking contrast against green plants, makes them a timeless favorite among aquarists of all skill levels.

Fish info

Care level: Easy
Temperament: Peaceful
Adult size: 4 cm
Life expectancy: 3-5 years
Fish type: Tetra
Temperature : 23-27°C
pH: 5.5-7.5
Color Form: Black, Clear, Green, Silver

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